Expansible bolt lock



Patented v Feb. 28, 1928,

UNITED fsTATEs 1,660,325l 4PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J'. BOWLING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SEGAL LOCK & kHARDIBIE i CO. INC., F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EXPANSIBLE BOLT LOCK.

Application lma December 29, 1924. serial No. 758,506.

7This invention relates tojimm'yroof locks and more particularly tol locks o that general nature having an expansible or tiltable bolt and adaptedto be used as rim or 6 mortise locks on swing and sliding doors.

` Among tlie objects of this invention is to provide a lock having an expansible bolt, and novel bearing means for operating said bolt rin/a'n eiiicient and reliable manner to `lo render said lock jimmy-proof.

Another, object of this invention is to pro-A vide a lock having an expansible ortiltable bolt to render the lock jimmy-proof, and

means having novel bearing and -abutment relation therewith to operate the bolt and to retain the same in jimmy-proof position.

Still another object of this invention is to provide .a lock having abolt movable forward into the jamb piece to render the lock jimmy-proof, and a plurality of pivot means for tilting the bolt into expanded position as aforesaid by la combined bearing and sliding movement of the bolt with respect to said means. l

f A still further object of the invention isl to provide a lock'which can not only be applied with facility to all doorV or Alike constructions irrespective of materlal variations in clearances between the striking edge of :i0 the door` and thejamb, but particularly one which will continue .to be functional and operative even though warping, sagging, or other distortion. of these parts relatively may take place after the lock is ap lied. j :is With the foregoing and ot er objects in view the invention consists in the arrangement andfcombination of parts hereinafter.

described and claimed, and' while the invention is not restricted-to the exact details of- 40 construction disclosed ork suggested herein,

still forthe purpose of illustrating a practi cal embodiment thereof referenceffi's had .to the accompanying drawingsin which like reference characters'desigvzgiate the same parts in the several views, and in which--v Figure I1 isan inside view of the lock.

Fig. 2 is asimilar view showing thelock in operated position and'certain parts insecvtion on the hne 2 2 of Fig. 3.

Fior. 2. b Fig. 4 isa perspective view ofv a bolt mem: er.

Fig. 2.v

' vention.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3 3 of` Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of- Fig. 6 .is a perspective View of a' detail of the "actuating means.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, I show the lock' as comprising a casing 10 having an opening l1 for the passage of a bolt therethrough to enter the cov operating keeper or jamb piece 12. Within the casing suitable actuating means is' pro-'- vided to operate a novel rocking bolt'which provides the essential principle of this in- Said bolt takes preferably `the form of an expansive device constituting a two-part expansible bolt, both-members of which are ifo-operative directly with actuatingv and controlling means for throwing the bolt outwardly of the lock, and with suitable' pivot and abutment means for swinging or expanding the bolt and to retain the same so' expanded in jimmy-proof locking engagement l'with the ja-mb piece when the bolt has reached the limit of its outward throw. -v

.More specifically, said bolt comprises a plurality of members 13 which are prefervex, while the outer sides of said members are concave, thus providing inv the' first in stance for the rocking movement of the lbolts against or adjacent to eachother, and in the latter instance, for ythe'reeeption and action olysuitable pivot means such as the abut.- ment -means 14 andthe pivotal bearing points 15 at the sides of the opening 111 Thus the inner sides of the bolt members comprise a plurality of faces 16 and 17 making an obtuse angle with each other, whileV the outer sides of the members comprise a pluralityof faces 18 and 19 making a reentrantobtuse .angle with each or equal substantially to the angle aforesaid, the respec- 100 tive facesupon opposite sides f said memf bers being substantially parallel. -The bolts 13 are by this construction arranged for ymovement tiltable relative to each other and intersect in a line which defines the fulcrum 1 10 about which the bolt members are arranged to rock or to tilt when thrown outwardly of the lock casing'into the jamb piece for the purpose of rendering the lock jimmy-proof.

Engaging the bolt for operation thereof at the fulcrum aforesaid, is a mechanism poses of expansion when the individaul bolt .members rotate for locking. The member 20 is movablefor throwing the bolt outwardly into the jambpiece, the bea-ring be-` ing for this purpose movable in a direction substantially parallel to the direction aforesaid. Thus the actuating member 20 is operative ,by any suitable means such as a rank 23 pivoted thereto at 24,'said crank em thim le 25 which is connected to a knob 26 to be rotatable thereby for operating the actuating member. For outward movement of the bearing member tol project the bolt,

the crank is rotated in the direction of arrow a, while to'release or withdraw the bolt the direction is that indicated by arrowV b. To limit the direction of movement of the crank, stop means are provided co-operative with a spring 27 for retaining the bolt in its set or fixed position. The stop means are preferably arranged to be operative beyond dead center to insure, that the bolt will be properly retained against j-immying. Thus the stop or lug 28 whichisrpreferably of angular section is receivable into a notch 29 formed in the crank member whereby said stop notoply brings the movement of the operating nfechanism to an end against the tension ofmthe' springy 27, but affords additional reenfofrcement to the crank member in the direction in which a force would be applied to jimmy the lock,`thus increasing the strength and reliability thereof. When,

however, the bolt is withdrawn into the position shown in Fig. 1, ay stop acting between the crank and the acutating member comes into play to limit the throw of the crank, said stop means taking the form preferably of a circular extension or lug provided by forming the lip 3() on the crank member upon which the bead 31 for securing the thimble 25 to the crank is formed. The actuating member is provided with a recess 32 to receive the stop means as shown in Fi 1, a reenforcement rib 33 being provi ed skirting said recess to insure the proper strength in said actuator.

y The bolt is thus tiltable about the bearing member 20 as for purrotatable about a suitable pin or To provide for the'proper support of theV trunnions 21 and for the Emovement of the bplt membersv into abutment relation with each other at the surfaces 16, the bolt members are formed each with a recess 34 to receive the liat'shank portion of the actuatingover, said flat shank acts as a guide upon which the bolt members are movable in constant and close relation to each other, thus,

adding considerably to the stability of the bolt when expanded as shown in Fig. 2.

The means for causinof they bolt members to tilt or oscillate while sliding from open to locked position and vice versa includes additional pivot means spaced from the bearing 21. Said pivot means operate by bearing' against the bolt members as against the cam surfaces 18 when the boltv is thrust outward* or against the cam faces 19 when the 1bolt is drawn inward, the effect being in each case to cause a tilting or rocking of the bolt members about said bearing. The initial tilting movement is in each case caused by the rounded faces at 15 acting at the Junetion ofl the' cam faces 18 and- 19. When the bolt is drawn inward these points are adapted to return the -bolt to position as in Fig. 1 l/Vhen, however, the bolt is projected outwardly, catch or stop means 35-are operative likewise to finally'fix the outward throw of the bolt and to` come into abutment against the members 14, whereby anyforce applied with the intention of jimmying tlie lock or causing the bolt to collapse into contact at the surfaces 17 is resisted by a stress set Topermit the lock to be operated by a key lin the usual manner, a crank 37 Ais provided havin a pin vor lug to engage the actuating mem r as within a notch 38 formed preferably in' the rib 33-of the member and upon the side thereof opposite to theJ crank 23 to swing said actuating member/as determined by the crank 23 to open or close the lock in-the manner described hereinbefore for the operation by means of the knob 26. The crank 37 is for this purpose rotatably mounted upon the cover plate 39 as by means of a thimble 4() to which it is secured and-which is slotted to receive the The bolt memflat shank member 41 whereby it is rotatable as by'a key inserted through the key way of the cylinder 42 in a conventional manner. This arrangement permits thecrank 37 to be rotatable continuously in the same direction,

while being always in position to be operative for opening or closing the lock.

' My invention is thus seen' to comprise a bolt movable outwardly and laterally of a lock to engage a keeper or jamb piecein jimmy-proof position, and novel bearing means co-operating with the bolt member for effect-ing the desired motion of saidmember.

Said bearing means is seen to comprise a.

member having substantially fixed ltilting relation therewith along a line parallel to the line of outward throw of the bolt, and other means spaced therefrom and having combined sliding and bearing relation to the bolt member and arranged to exercise an 'abutment pressure against the member der perfect conditions-of attachment.

-' bolt by causing the sameto move about the bearing at 21. The principle both of the motion and of the construction are of an exceedingly simple nature requiring a minimum of parts and thus insuring strength and reliability.

It is tok be noted that the members 13, constituting together a bolt structure, partake of three distinct types of movement: First, from the position of Fig. 1 the ends that are together along the line 17 remain together until the faces 18 strike the turning points 15. In other words, the bolt members move 1n a right line or in the same` direction bodf ily as a unit. From this fact it follows that the leading ends of the bolt members will enter the opening in the keeper or jamb piece between the lips 36 even though there may exist a material degree of space between the door members and the jamb member, or even though the keeper may be somewhat higher or lower than was intended unsecond movement is a combined .oscillation or locking movement and forward projection. This movement, however, is completed by the time the projections or] lugs 35 reach the abutments L4, bringing the bolt members into the third stage or'species of movement, namely, a bodily or unitary movement with the inner Avends thereof in 'gllding of the The contact along the line 16 as shown in Fig. 2.

This third movement, consequently,A is 1n a right line only, being so compelled by the between the abutments 14. The lipsr constitute` fixed pivots around which the bolts tilt substantially coincident with the passage of the bearing trunnions 21 throughthe transverse plane of the lips 15, i. e., transverse to the path or direction of sliding movement of the bolts.

I claim:

gs toward the lips 15 andv 1. In a. lock, the colnbination with a casingand a bolt movable outward of the casj ing along a certain path, of actuating means gthe same from tiltino` back to original position until at'tcr the olt and pivot member are partially retracted.

2. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt movable outward therefrom and tiltable laterally thereof for rendering the lock jimmy-proof, said casing having a fixed pivot and the bolt having a concavity on one side substantially midway between its ends into which the pivot projects, and means for throwing the bolt outward from the casing in to. poperative position comprising an actuator having fixed bearing engagement with said bolt -at apoint .upon the side thereof opposite said vconcavit and serving to cause the tilting of the'bo t around said casing pivot.

3. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt movable outward therefrom and tiltable laterally thereof, lneans having fixed bearing engagement with the'bolt for moving the same outward as aforesaid, and fixed abutment means secured to the casing and adapted to engage the bolt to cause complete lateral tiltin thereof before the firstmentioned means. as reached its outward limit of movement, -the casing abutment means having abutment relation with the bolt in a directionperpendicular to the path of outward projection of the bolt while the first-mentioned means has abutment with the bolt in a direction parallel to said path. i

bers, fixed abutment means,'said actuator and abutment means being operative for expanding the bolt and co-operating with each other to ,retain said bolt in operative expanded position.

5. In a lock, the combination of an expansible bolt comprising a pair of co-operating locking members, actuator means comprising a member having substantially unitary bearing relation With both bolt members, fixed abutment means, said actuator and abutment means being operative for expanding the bolt and co-operating with each other to retaiir said bolt in operative expanded position, the abutment means serving as pivotal means spaced from the bearing member and adapted to cause the b'olt members to tilt from each other for expansion.

6. In a lock, the combination of an expansible bolt comprising a pair of cti-operating locking members, actuator means comprising a member having substantially unitary bearing relation with both bolt members, fixed abutment means, said actuator and abutment means being operative-for expanding the -bolt and co-operating with each other to retain said bolt in operative expanded position, said. abutment means comprising a pivotal means spaced upon opposite sides of said bolt members and having abutment relation with the individual bolt members When expanding as aforesaid, said bolt members having abutment with each other along the line joining said actuator bearing means.

7. In a lock, the combination ot an expansible bolt comprising a pair of co-operating locking members, actuator' means comprising a member-'having substantially unitary bearing relation with both bolt members, ixed abutment means, said actuator and abutment means being operative for expanding the bolt and co-operating with each other to retain said bolt in operative expanded position, said bolt members having open bearings for receiving the actuator bearing member.

8. In a lock, the Vcombination of an expansible bolt comprising a pair of co-operating locking members, actuator means comprising a member having substantially unitary bearing relation with both bolt members, fixed abutment means, said actuator and abutment means being operative for expanding th'e bolt and co-operating with each other to retain said bolt in operative expanded position, said bolt members vhaving guideways lying adjacent to each other, and the actuator having portions entering said guideways.

9. Adoor lock comprising a of two parts, the two parts of the 'bolt having abutment relation with each other first at one end and later at, the other end and being slidable as a unit and tiltable with respect to -each other While sliding.

10. A door lock comprising a bolt consisting of two parts, the parts of the bolt being disposed in close operative relation to each j levers, alternately havin bolt consisting other at one end and adapted to slide as a unit, the other end portion of the bolt parts being spaced from each other,iand means to slide the bolt and at the same time cause said spaced end portions to approach each other while the opposite end portions thereof diverge lrom each'other.

Il. A lock, including a bolt, comprising a pair of bell-crank leversarranged with the inner edges of their outer arms adjacent each other, a pivot pin commoirto said levers and acting as a fulcrum therefor, means i'or projecting said pin, and means engaging said levers to rocli the same at a stage in such projection to cause the outer arms thereof to diverge. i

12. A lock, including a bolt, comprising a pair ot' bell-crank levers arranged With the inner edges of their outer arms adjacent each other, a pivot pin common to said levers and acting as a fulcrum therefor, means for projecting said pin, the inner arms of lsaid levers heilig -formed with recesses in their inner edges i'or the accommodation of such means, and means cooperating With saidV levers and acting at a certain stage during the projecting thereof to rock the same to cause the outer arms thereof to diverge.

1?). A lock, including a bolt, comprising a pair of bell-crank levers each having arms ot' substantially equal length, the inner edges ot' the outer arms being disposed adjacent each other when said bolt is retracted, means acting as a fulcrum for said levers, means for projecting said fulcrum, and means co. operating With said levers and acting during a stage in the projection thereof to cause the outer arms to diverge and bring the inner edges of the inner arms of said levers to planes adjacent each other. Y

14. A lock, including a bolt, comprising a pair of bell-crank levers arranged with the inner edges of' their outer arms adjacent each other, a pivot pin common to said levers and acting as a fulcrum therefor, a lock case, means forming a part thereof and bearing against said levers to rock the same around said ulcrum' as said bolt is moved =out- Wardly, and means for projecting said pin to a point beyond said last named means.

15. Aalock, including a pair of angular the inner edges ottheir dierent arms a jacent each other, said `levers providing a bolt, means providing .a ulcrum for said levers, and means for shifting said fulerum in opposite directions to alternately cause the arms of the two levers to diverge. Y

In testimony whereof I affix my signature,

4FRANCIS J. BOWLING. 

